Giselbert DE HEINAUT
Characteristics
| Type | Value | Date | Place | Sources |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| name | Giselbert DE HEINAUT |
[1]
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Events
| Type | Date | Place | Sources |
|---|---|---|---|
| death | after 14. June 877 |
[1]
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| marriage | 846 | Aquitaine, Duchy of Lotharingia
Find persons in this place |
[1]
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??spouses-and-children_en_US??
| Marriage | ??spouse_en_US?? | Children |
|---|---|---|
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846
Aquitaine, Duchy of Lotharingia |
Ermengarde DE LOTHARINGIA |
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Notes for this person
Medieval Lands by Charles Cawley, Foundation for Medieval Genealogy 1. GISELBERT [I], son of --- (-after 14 Jun 877, maybe after 6Sep 885). Giselbert's origin is unknown. However, Viking connectionsare suggested by his supposed son's name, similar to the Nordic"Ragnar", especially bearing in mind the increasing number of Vikingraids south of Frisia after [825/30] and Frankish concessions ofterritory in the low countries to Danish leaders[864]. Anotherpossibility is that Giselbert was related to Reginar [Reginhere] sonof Meginhere. Graf von Maasgau. Nithard names "Giselbert count ofthe Maasgau" ("comes Mansuariorum") as one of the supporters ofCharles II "le Chauve" King of the West Franks against hishalf-brother Emperor Lothaire[865]. He was obliged to leave hiscounty, attributed to him by Emperor Lothaire after the treaty ofVerdun in 843[866]. Giselbert supported Pépin King of Aquitaine, butafter the latter fell from power found refuge with Ludwig II "derDeutsche" King of the East Franks. He abducted and married EmperorLothaire's daughter without her father's consent (see below), but wasfinally pardoned by the emperor in 849 and authorised to return to hislands. An agreement between Charles II "le Chauve" and his brotherLudwig II "der Deutsche" dated Jun 860 names "nobilis ac fidelibuslaicis…Gislebertus…"[867]. Comte in Darnau: "Ansfridus…comes…etHildiwardus filius meus" donated property "in pago Darnau, in marcavel villa Sodoia…super fluvium Geldiun, in comitatu Giselberti" toLorsch by charter dated 5 Oct 863[868]. An agreement dated 14 Jun 877of Emperor Charles II "le Chauve", presumably written with his owndeath in mind, names "Arnulfus comes, Gislebertus, Letardus,Matfridus, Widricus, Gotbertus, Adalbertus, Ingelgerus, Rainerus" asthose willing to support the emperor's son if he travels across theMeuse[869]. Emperor Karl III granted property "in pagoCondruscio…Alnith" to "Gislebertus…comes…fidelis suis Teodone" bycharter dated 6 Sep 885[870]. Although it is not certain that thisrefers to Count Giselbert [I], no other contemporary individual of thesame name has so far been identified. m (Aquitaine 846) --- ofLotharingia, daughter of Emperor LOTHAIRE I & his wife Ermengarde deTours ([825/30]-). The Gesta Francorum records that "Gisalbertus,vassallus Karoli" abducted "filiam Hlotharii imperatoris" and took herto Aquitaine where they were married[871]. The Annales Fuldenses alsorecord that "Gisalbertus vassallus Karoli" abducted "filiam Hlothariiimperatoris" and married her in Aquitaine in 846[872]. The AnnalesMettenses also date this event in 846[873]. Settipani states that theemperor recognised the marriage in 849[874]. Rösch says that thisdaughter is often named Ermengarde but that there is no contemporaryproof that this is correct[875]. Count Giselbert [I] & his wife had[two] children: a) [REGINAR [I] "Langhals/Longneck" ([850]-Meerssen [25 Aug915/19 Jan 916]). The primary source which confirms his parentage hasnot yet been identified, although his naming his son Giselbertsuggests that this affiliation is probably correct. The AnnalesHanoniæ name "Rignerius Montensis comes" (although the reference tohis being Comte de Mons appears to be anachronistic) as the ally of"Francone episcopo Leodiensi" against the Vikings in 870, and in alater undated passage "Raginerus" fighting "cum Frissonibus inWalacria contra Rollonem"[876], although it is unclear from thecontext whether these references are to "Raginerus dictusLongi-colli". The date when Reginar was installed as Comte de Hainautis uncertain but was probably during the last quarter of the 9thcentury, certainly after the date of the 877 agreement for his countywould then not have been "across the Meuse".] b) [ALBERT ([860]-after [928/36]). "Albertus" donated"villam…Aldanias…in pago Arduennense" to Stavelot by charter dated 3Oct [932], which names "fratre meo Raginero, dux Gislebertusconsanguineus meus"[877].] [864] McKitterick, p. 230. [865] Scholz, B. W. with Rogers, B. (2000) Carolingian Chronicles:Royal Frankish Annals and Nithard's Histories (University of MichiganPress) (“Nithard”), III.2, p. 158. [866] Settipani, C. and Kerrebrouck, P. van (1993) La préhistoire desCapétiens 481-987, 1ère partie, Mérovingiens, Carolingiens etRobertiens (Villeneuve d'Ascq), p. 264. [867] Adnuntatio domni Karoli, MGH LL 1, p. 469. [868] Chronicon Laureshamense, MGH SS XXI, p. 370. [869] Karoli II Imp. Conventus Carisiacensis, MGH LL 1, p. 537. [870] D Karl 130, p. 208, headed "verunechtet" in the compilation. [871] Gesta quorundam regum Francorum 846, MGH SS I, p. 364. [872] Annales Fuldensium Pars Secunda, auctore Euodolfo 846, MGH SS I,p. 364. [873] Annales Mettenses, RHGF VII, p. 186. [874] Settipani (1993), p. 264. [875] Rösch (1977), p. 89. [876] Iacobi de Guisia Annales Hanoniæ XIV.X and XIV.XVI, MGH SS XXXPart 1, pp. 172 and 174. [877] Stavelot 60, p. 142.
Sources
| 1 | Foundation for Medieveal Geneology, Lower Lotharinga, Nobility: Chapter 10: Graven van Maasgau
Author: Charles Cawley
Publication: Name: Medeival Lands; Location: Oak House, Vowchurch, Hereford, HR20RB, England; Date: 2001-2011;
|
| Lotharingia was an entirely artificial political creation and its namean artificial composition. Emperor Lothaire I, son of the CarolingianEmperor Louis I "the Pious" became king of Lotharingia under thedivision of imperial territories agreed by the treaty of Verdun 11 Aug843. The newly created kingdom covered a wide strip of land whichstretched from the North Sea coast southwards to Italy, and includedpresent-day Belgium, Luxembourg, The Netherlands, Germany west of theriver Rhine, the French provinces of Alsace, Lorraine, Burgundy andProvence, Switzerland and parts of northern Italy, as well as theimperial cities of Aachen, Pavia and Rome. The kingdom was dividedbetween the sons of Emperor Lothaire after he abdicated in 855, theterritory called Lotharingia then being restricted to present-dayBelgium, Luxembourg, The Netherlands, Germany west of the Rhine, theFrench provinces of Alsace, Lorraine, and Switzerland. Lotharingiawas further divided between the East and West Frankish kingdoms in 870following the death without direct male heirs of Lothaire II King ofLotharingia[1]. The boundary was marked by the river Maas/Meuse andits tributary the Ourche in the south. This division proved to be atemporary arrangement, but it set the scene for conflict betweenFrance and Germany over Lotharingia which was to last many years.Lotharingia was in effect integrated into the East Frankish kingdom(Germany) after the death in 900 of Zwentibold, last independent kingof Lotharingia, but this was challenged by Charles III "le Simple"King of the West Franks. After the deposition of King Charles III in923, German influence in the territory of Lotharingia predominated.According to Thietmar of Merseburg, Heinrich I King of Germany securedthe release of King Charles from prison and in return was rewardedwith "the right hand of St Denis and the entire kingdom of theLotharingians"[2]. For the rest of the 10th century, this was asource of bitter dispute with the French kings who constantlyattempted to invade Lotharingia to reassert control. The duchies of Upper and Lower Lotharingia were created in 959 inresponse to local rebellions and in order to assert greater localcontrol from Germany. At the outset, it is more accurate to describethe new rulers as "associate" dukes who governed under the centralauthority of Bruno Duke of Lotharingia (brother of the German king andalso archbishop of Köln). In common with most administrativearrangements concerning Lotharingia, the division between the Upperand Lower duchies was artificial and poorly reflected natural,geographic, national and linguistic boundaries, although UpperLotharingia corresponded roughly to the ecclesiastical province ofTrier and Lower Lotharingia to the archbishopric of Köln. The 870 treaty which divided the territory between the east and westFrankish kingdoms provides the best starting point for identifying thecounties which developed within the kingdom of Lotharingia. Thetreaty sets out an apparently exhaustive list of the administrativeentities which were allocated to the brothers Ludwig II "der Deutsche"King of the East Franks and Charles II "le Chauve" King of the WestFranks, cathedral towns, abbeys and counties. The counties in the Lower Lotharingian duchy are set out in severaldifferent documents in Medieval Lands, being too numerous for a singlefile. The northern-most counties, in the ancient duchy of Frisia, thecounty of Holland and its neighbouring counties, all located in theterritory of what is now The Netherlands, are described in thedocument HOLLAND. Moving further south to present-day Belgium, thecounties of Brabant and Louvain which evolved into the duchy ofBrabant are shown in the document BRABANT, LOUVAIN. The families ofthe counts of Hainaut, Namur and their respective vassals are set outin the two documents HAINAUT and NAMUR. The counts and dukes ofLimburg, a later creation, are shown in LIMBURG. Other counts arereferred to in contemporary primary source documentation withoutreference to their geographical counties, so cannot be categorisedgeographically: these individuals are set out in the Lotharingianchapter of the document GERMANY EARLY NOBILITY. The present documentshows the remaining early medieval counties in Lower Lotharingia, innorthern France, eastern Belgium and Germany west of the river Rhine.These are all small counties, some of which were short-lived and whoseboundaries are difficult to define precisely. Assignment of counts tothese counties was in many cases of short duration, with many changesand exchanges of territories (including between the Lower and UpperLotharingian duchies) which renders satisfactory reconstruction of thecomital families extremely challenging. What is clear is that afinite group of local higher nobility enjoyed power in both Upper andLower Lotharingia, linked by family relationships many of which willnever be confirmed precisely because of insufficient information insurviving primary sources. Onomastics is of some use in identifyingpossible connections, but the number of permutations through both maleand female lines is generally too numerous to render preciseidentification anything other than speculative. This difficulty isincreased because of the changes in comital assignments which make itimpossible to assess with any accuracy the extent to whichappointments were hereditary within the same families. Another important question is whether the counts in these minorcounties were counts "of" the counties (implying territorialexclusivity) or counts "in" the counties (which could involve someform of territorial division within each county). In other words, theextent to which the "county" in early medieval times represented acoherent administrative unit with recognised jurisdictional andterritorial boundaries. The conclusion that a particular count"ruled" a particular county is based in many cases on a single phrasein a contemporary charter which asserts that a specific property waslocated (for example) "in pago Blesinsi in comitatu Odacri comitis",in accordance with the generally used formulation. However, thisdescription does not guarantee that (in this case) Comte Odacre ruledin all parts of "pagus Blesensis". In fact, the wording could equallybe interpreted as indicating that his jurisdiction was limited to thearea surrounding his castle, which happened to include the property inquestion. In addition, many cases can be found where an individualcount is recorded in charters in more than one county at approximatelythe same time. Research into the early pagi/counties in neighbouringSaxony and Franconia (see the documents GERMANY EARLY NOBILITY, SAXONYDUKES & ELECTORS, and FRANCONIA, NOBILITY) suggests that more than onecount ruled at the same time in the larger counties, the counties ofGrabfeld and Wormsgau being the obvious examples. This suggests thatcalling the local divisions "counties", as if they constituted fullyfunctioning administrative units under a single central authority, maymisrepresent the situation. Unfortunately there is insufficientsurviving primary source data to provide a definitive answer to thisquestion, but it is undoubtedly one which deserves further attention. A single French county is identified in Lower Lotharingia, Cambraiwhich is referred to as "Cameracensem" in the 870 treaty. In Germanywest of the Rhine, five counties are represented, the 870 treatyreferring to but not naming "in Ribuarias comitatus quinque", whichVanderkindere identifies as Jülich, Zülpich, Eifel, Bonn and Köln[3].The remaining counties in Lower Lotharingia lie in the eastern part ofwhat is today Belgium. The March of Antwerp, in the north of Belgiumand extending into southern Netherlands, was previously the county ofToxandrie ("Texandrum" in the 870 treaty). To the east of Toxandrie,the county of Maasgau or Masau (divided into "Masau subterior" and"Masau superior" in the 870 treaty) was located on both banks of theriver Maas/Meuse, from Maastricht in the south to the county ofTeisterbant in the north. The county of Tettuaria lay on the rightbank of the Maas to the east of Maasgau, and north-east of theRipuarian counties of western Germany. The county of Hesbaie ("inHasbanio comitatus IV" in the 870 treaty, which Vanderkindere suggestswere Avernas, which later became the county of Looz, "Brunengeruz"also known as Brugeron or Hougaerde, Louvain and "Haspinga") was southof a line from the river Demer in the west to the town of Maaseik inthe east, west and north of the river Maas/Meuse as far as the riverDyle in the west. It included the city of Liège, although a county ofLiège ("Liugas" in the 870 treaty) also existed for a brief time. Thecounties of Duras, Grez and Aarschot developed in the territory of thecounty of Hesbaie in the 11th and 12th centuries. The county ofCondroz ("Condrust" in the 870 treaty) lay to the south of the riverMeuse and the west of the river Ourthe, where the county of Huydeveloped in the mid-10th century, and the counties of Clermont andDurbuy in the late 11th century. The counties of Ardenne and Bastogne("Arduenna" in the 870 treaty) were located in south-east Belgium, inthe area in which the county of Montaigu developed in the mid-11thcentury, the counties of Bouillon, Laroche and Salm at the end of the11th century, and Vianden and Clervaux in the 12th century. By categorising the Lotharingian counties geographically, one shouldnot lose sight of the powerful authority of a handful of noblefamilies which acquired territories scattered throughout the wholearea of the ancient kingdom of Lotharingia and whose influence wasparamount in the development of the territory and on the widerinternational political scene in western Europe. Of particular noteare: the Matfried family which dominated the west German Ripuarian countiesin Lower Lotharingia from the 9th century and extended their influencesouthwards into Bidgau, Woevre, Bliesgau and Chaumont, and especiallythe county of Metz in Upper Lotharingia, and whose descendantseventually succeeded as dukes of Lorraine, the duchy which evolvedfrom the rump of the duchy of Upper Lotharingia. the Reginar family which extended their centre of activity from theMaasgau into the county of Hainaut, both in Lower Lotharingia, andwhose descendants ruled the duchy of Brabant which emerged in the late12th century. the descendants of Wigerich [III] who ruled Bidgau in UpperLotharingia but extended their influence westwards to Ardenne andsouthwards to Verdun, and ruled as dukes in both Upper and LowerLotharingia, until the extinction of the two branches of the family inthe male line in 1033 and 1076. less well-known, and less long-lasting, the power-base of Ansfrid[II], count of Hesbaie, Huy and Teisterbant in the latter part of the11th century, whose paternal uncle held fifteen different countiesaccording to Thietmar, although both the uncle's precise identity andthe identity of his counties are uncertain. the family of the counts of Holland, which increased their power-baseby acquiring control over many of the counties in the former duchy ofFrisia. the descendants of Siegfried, whose original power-base was Bidgau butwho acquired Luxembourg and large areas in Ardenne, and who eventuallywere elevated to the imperial throne, and as a result of judiciousdynastic marriages extended their control to Bohemia in the early 14thcentury and Hungary in the late 14th century, until their extinctionin the senior male line in 1437. The other important factor in the development of both Upper and LowerLotharingia was the gradual acquisition of temporal power andterritory by the archbishoprics of Köln and Trier, and the bishopricsof Cambrai, Liège, Metz, Toul, Utrecht and Verdun. This resulted inthe suppression of many previously autonomous and powerful counties(for example Verdun in Upper Lotharingia) and the splintering of theterritories of others (particularly those in Ripuarian westernGermany). |
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| Title | Familienstammbaum Engelken |
| Description | |
| Id | 46985 |
| Upload date | 2014-12-22 06:03:51.0 |
| Submitter |
Roger Engelken
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